In the Torah portion of Eikev, Moshe recounts the passing of his brother Aharon immediately after recalling the breaking of the luchos, the tablets containing the Ten Commandments. Our rabbis tell us
[1] that the incidents are juxtaposed because "the demise of tzaddikim is as difficult for G-d as the breaking of the luchos."
When the "Torah of truth" states that two things are akin, it means they are similar in their entirety. Thus, the parallel between the demise of tzaddikim and the breaking of the luchos is not only that they are both extremely difficult for G-d, but also that tzaddikim and the luchos are analogous.
Wherein lies the similarity?
With regard to the first luchos, the Torah states:[2] "The luchos were the work of G-d; their text was written by G-d - engraved upon the luchos." The tablets thus had two distinct attributes:
- their very creation was a work of G-d;[3]
- the text was engraved by G-d.
Notwithstanding the intrinsic quality of the luchos, we find
[4] that after the sin of the Golden Calf, "Moshe looked at them and saw that the writing had disappeared. Thereupon he said: 'How can I possibly give the Jewish people the luchos, seeing that they are [now] without substance? Rather, I shall clasp them and break them.' "
Moshe's remark is bewildering, even troubling. Even after the writing on the luchos had disappeared, the tablets were still the work of G-d. How could Moshe refer to them as being "without substance"?
As indicated in the verse, the text of the luchos was engraved within the tablets themselves. As such, the text became an integral part of the tablets' substance, not something added as ink is added to paper. Hence, the engraving of the text had a profound impact on the actual luchos, the words becoming entirely one with them. In other words, the unity of the luchos and their text was so great that their true essence was displaced by the text engraved within them.
Therefore, once the "writing had disappeared" - although the luchos were still a work of G-d - they were "without substance," for the true entity was the actual text, with its soul and spirit.
These qualities of the luchos have a corollary within each Jew.
Every Jew is a composite of body and soul. The Jew's body is similar to the luchos, which were a work of G-d, for even the body of a Jew possesses tremendous sanctity.[5] The soul that was placed within the body is similar to the Divine writing engraved within the luchos. The unity of body and soul is thus similar to the unity of the writing and the tablets themselves:
As mentioned earlier, the luchos were an important entity unto themselves - "the work of G-d" - even before the writing was engraved, for the tablets antedated the text. Still, once the Ten Commandments were engraved within them they were elevated to such an extent that their totality was the "Divine writing." So when the writing disappeared, they were considered to be "without substance."
So too regarding the Jew. Although his body was created independently of his soul[6] and moreover its creation preceded the vesture of the soul, once the soul is incarnated, it becomes truly one with the body. The essential spiritual aspect of the soul then becomes the essential character of the body as well. Thus we say that "the life of the tzaddik is not physical life, but spiritual life - belief, awe and love [of G-d]."
This then is the similarity between the demise of tzaddikim and the breaking of the luchos. With the introduction of an even higher spiritual element - the soul, the Divine writing - both entities undergo a profound change, with spirituality becoming their entire essence.
Based on Likkutei Sichos, Vol. XIV, pp. 30-34.
Notes:
- (Back to text) Yerushalmi, Yoma 1:1; Tanchuma, (Buber) Acharei 10. See also Tanchuma, Acharei 7; Vayikra Rabbah end of ch. 20.
- (Back to text) Shmos 32:16.
- (Back to text) See Pirkei d'Rebbe Eliezer ch. 46, and Yalkut Shimoni, Remez 392: "The luchos were not composed of physical material , but of heavenly material."
- (Back to text) Avos d'R. Nassan ch. 2. See also Rabbeinu Bachya, Sisa 32:16.
- (Back to text) See Tanya, ch. 49: " 'You have chosen us from among all nations and tongues' refers to the body." See as well Toras Shalom p. 120ff.
- (Back to text) See Shaar HaYichud VehaEmunah ch. 6.
Eikev